Introgression of qDTY1.1 into genetic background of a modern rice variety (ADT36) and field performance under different environmental conditions

Salomi Rajendiran; Vignesh Palani; Bharathkumar Srinivasan

doi:10.7324/JABB.2025.216621

Abstract References Article Metrics Similar Articles Request Permission Related Search Citation Alert By Google Scholar Comment On This Article

Abstract

Drought stress significantly affects rice, a semi-aquatic plant critical for global food security, especially in rainfed areas where yield losses are severe. This study focused on enhancing the drought tolerance of the short-duration rice variety ADT36 through the introgression of qDTY1.1 using marker-assisted backcrossing. Field evaluations were conducted under moisture conditions (MC) (Rabi season, 2022-23) and flood conditions (FC) (Kharif season, 2023). Under MC, the growth rates of the improved lines showed a significant negative difference compared to FC. In the BC3F2 generation, the improved lines exhibited a dwarf phenotype due to the linkage of the sd-1 gene with qDTY1.1, contrasting with the recurrent parent (RP) under MC. However, in the BC3F3 generation under flooding, three recombinant lines (RL-1, RL-3, RL-4) showed increased plant height compared to the RP. Regarding grain yield, there was an increase ranging from 16.3% to 17.8% compared to the RP under MC. Remarkably, under flooding, RL-1 (38.2%), RL-2 (39.6%), RL-3 (42.5%), and RL-4 (21.3%) exhibited significantly higher grain yields compared to MC. This consistent performance of qDTY1.1 in the genetic background of ADT36 suggests these lines are suitable for diverse environmental conditions, highlighting their potential in subsequent trials.

Keyword: ATD 36 rice variety Drought stress Grain yield Moisture and flooding Plant height qDTY1.1

Citation:

Rajendiran S, Palani V, Srinivasan B. Introgression of qDTY1.1 into genetic background of a modern rice variety (ADT36) and field performance under different environmental conditions. J App Biol Biotech. 2025. Online First. http://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2025.216621

Copyright: Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.

HTML Full Text

Reference

1. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Food Outlook-Biannual Report on Global Food Markets. Rome, Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization; 2020.
2. Gupta A, Rico-Medina A, Caño-Delgado AI. The physiology of plant responses to drought. Science 2020;368:266-9. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz7614
3. Myers SS, Smith MR, Guth S, Golden CD, Vaitla B, Mueller ND, et al. Climate change and global food systems: Potential impacts on food security and under nutrition. Annu Rev Public Health 2017;38:259-77. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044356
4. Rijsberman FR. Water scarcity: Fact or fiction? Agric Water Manag 2006;80:5-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.001
5. Singh R, Singh Y, Xalaxo A, Verulkar S, Yadav N, Singh S, et al. From QTL to variety-harnessing the benefits of QTLs for drought, flood and salt tolerance in mega rice varieties of India through a multi-institutional network. Plant Sci 2016;242:278-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.008
6. Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2015. Government of India Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare Directorate of Economics and Statistics; 2015.
7. Kumar S, Dwivedi SK, Singh SS, Bhatt BP, Mehta P, Elanchezhian R, et al. Morpho-physiological traits associated with reproductive stage drought tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under rain-fed condition of eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. Indian J Plant Physiol 2014;19:87-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-014-0075-x
8. Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Rafii MY, Mahmud TM, Azizi P, Osman M, et al. Improvement of drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Genetics, genomic tools, and the WRKY gene family. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:3158474. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3158474
9. Chukwu SC, Rafii MY, Ramlee SI, Ismail SI, Hasan MM, Oladosu YA, et al. Bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice: A review of conventional breeding to molecular approach. Mol Biol Rep 2019;46:1519-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04584-2
10. Bernier J, Kumar A, Spaner D, Verulkar S, Mandal NP, Sinha PK, et al. Characterization of the effect of a QTL for drought resistance in rice, qtl12.1, over a range of environments in the Philippines and Eastern India. Euphytica 2009;166:207-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9826-y
11. Vikram P, Swamy BP, Dixit S, Ahmed HU, Sta Cruz MT, Singh AK, et al. qDTY1.1, a major QTL for rice grain yield under reproductive-stage drought stress with a consistent effect in multiple elite genetic backgrounds. BMC Genet 2011;12:89. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-89
12. Venuprasad R, Dalid CO, Del Valle M, Zhao D, Espiritu M, Sta Cruz MT, et al. Identification and characterization of large-effect quantitative trait loci for grain yield under lowland drought stress in rice using bulk-segregant analysis. Theor Appl Genet 2009;120:177-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1168-1
13. Ghimire KH, Quiatchon LA, Vikram P, Swamy BP, Dixit S, Ahmed H, et al. Identification and mapping of a QTL (qDTY1.1) with a consistent effect on grain yield under drought. Field Crops Res 2012;131:88-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.028
14. Karnatam KS, Jaganathan D, Dilip KR, Boopathi NM, Muthurajan R.Shortlisting putative candidate genes underlying qDTY1.1, a major effect drought tolerant QTL in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electron J Plant Breed 2020;11:916-24. https://doi.org/10.37992/2020.1103.149
15. Oo KS, Krishnan SG, Vinod KK, Dhawan G, Dwivedi P, Kumar P,et al. Molecular breeding for improving productivity of Oryza sativa L.cv. Pusa 44 under reproductive stage drought stress through introgression of a major QTL, qDTY12.1. Genes 2021;12:967. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12070967
16. Zheng X, Hoegenauer KA, Maeda AB, Wang F, Stelly DM, Nichols RL,et al. Nondestructive high-throughput DNA extraction and genotyping methods for cotton seeds and seedlings. Biotechniques 2015;58:234-43. https://doi.org/10.2144/000114286
17. Zu X, Lu Y, Wang Q, Chu P, Miao W, Wang H, et al. A new method for evaluating the drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars. Crop J 2017;5:488-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2017.05.002
18. Jin FX, Kim DM, Ju HG, Ahn SN. Mapping quantitative trait loci for awnness and yield component traits in isogenic lines derived from an Oryza sativa/O. rufipogon cross. J Crop Sci Biotechnol 2009;12:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-009-0061-4
19. Newman EI. A method of estimating the total length of root in a sample. J Appl Ecol 1966;3:139-45. https://doi.org/10.2307/2401670
20. Pasuquin E, Lafarge T, Tubana B. Transplanting young seedlings in irrigated rice fields: Early and high tiller production enhanced grain yield. Field Crops Res 2008;105:141-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2007.09.001
21. Zhang B, Yamagishi J. Response of spikelet number per panicle in rice cultivars to three transplanting densities. Plant Prod Sci 2010;13:279-88. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.279
22. Sekhar S, Kumar J, Mohanty S, Mohanty N, Panda RS, Das S, et al. Identification of novel QTLs for grain fertility and associated traits to decipher poor grain filling of basal spikelets in dense panicle rice. Sci Rep 2021;11:13617. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93134-7
23. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Annual Report for 1975. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute; 2002. p. 29.
24. Bheemanahalli R, Sunoj VJ, Saripalli G, Prasad PV, Balyan HS, Gupta PK, et al. Quantifying the impact of heat stress on pollen germination, seed set, and grain filling in spring wheat. Crop Sci 2019;59:684-96. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.05.0292
25. Vikram P, Swamy B, Dixit S, Singh R, Singh BP, Miro B, et al. Drought susceptibility of modern rice varieties: An effect of linkage of drought tolerance with undesirable traits. Nat Sci Rep 2015;5:14799. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14799
26. Courtois B, Shen L, Petalcorin Carandang S, Mauleon R, Li ZK. Locating QTLs controlling constitutive root traits in the rice population IAC 165 × Co39. Euphytica 2003;134:335-45. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH.0000004987.88718.d6
27. Price AH, Steele KA, Moore BJ, Jones RG. Upland rice grown in soil filled chambers and exposed to contrasting water-deficit regimes: II. Mapping quantitative trait loci for root morphology and distribution. Field Crops Res 2002;76:25-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00010-2
28. Salomi R, Vignesh P, Bharathkumar S. Drought tolerance improvement for grain yield of a modern rice variety based on morphological and physiological response. Environ Exp Biol 2024;22:11-6. https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.22.02
29. Zhu R, Wu FY, Zhou S, Hu T, Huang J, Gao Y. Cumulative effects of drought-flood abrupt alternation on the photosynthetic characteristics of rice. Environ Exp Bot 2020;169:103901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103901
30. Mishra SS, Panda D. Leaf traits and antioxidant defense for drought tolerance during early growth stage in some popular traditional rice landraces from Koraput, India. Rice Sci 2017;24:207-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2017.04.001
31. Hussain M, Farooq S, Hasan W, Ul-Allah S, Tanveer M, Farooq M.Drought stress in sunflower: Physiological effects and its management through breeding and agronomic alternatives. Agric Water Manag 2018;201:152-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.01.028
32. Panda B, Dash SK, Mondal S, Senapaty J, Dash M, Samal KC, et al. Exploring the physiological efficiencies of promising rice (Oryza sativa) accessions for increasing grain yield. Indian J Agric Sci 2023;93:1180-5. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i11.140727
33. Yang X, Wang B, Chen L, Li P, Cao, C. The different influences of drought stress at the flowering stage on rice physiological traits, grain yield, and quality. Sci Rep 2019;9:3742. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40161-0
34. Arivelarasan T, Manivasagam VS, Geethalakshmi V, Bhuvaneswari K, Natarajan K, Balasubramanian M, et al. How far will climate change affect future food security? An inquiry into the irrigated rice system of Peninsular India. Agriculture 2023;13:551. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030551
35. Arun D, Sunandini GP, Kumari RV, Meena A. An economic analysis of different Rice varieties in Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu. Indian J Econ Dev 2020;8:5. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJED/v8.52
36. Rai M, Chucha D, Deepika D, Lap B, Magudeeswari P, Padmavathi G, et al. Pyramiding of qDTY1.1 and qDTY3.1 into rice mega-variety Samba Mahsuri-Sub1: Physiological performance under water deficit conditions. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2023;29:1931-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01387-5
37. Kumar R, Singh PK, Prasad BD, Satyendra, Kumar A, Kumar M. Marker assisted introgression of QTL (qDTY1.1) for grain yield under drought at reproductive stage in Oryza sativa L. cv. Sita from Nagina -22. Ecol Environ Conserv 2022;28:S173-81. https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i07s.029
38. Venuprasad R, Lafitte HR, Atlin GN. Response to direct selection for grain yield under drought stress in rice. Crop Sci 2007;47:285-93. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2006.03.0181

Article Metrics

20 Views 10 Downloads 30 Total

Year

Month

Related Search

By author names

By article title

1. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Food Outlook-Biannual Report on Global Food Markets. Rome, Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization; 2020.

2. Gupta A, Rico-Medina A, Caño-Delgado AI. The physiology of plant responses to drought. Science 2020;368:266-9. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz7614

3. Myers SS, Smith MR, Guth S, Golden CD, Vaitla B, Mueller ND, et al. Climate change and global food systems: Potential impacts on food security and under nutrition. Annu Rev Public Health 2017;38:259-77. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044356

4. Rijsberman FR. Water scarcity: Fact or fiction? Agric Water Manag 2006;80:5-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.001

5. Singh R, Singh Y, Xalaxo A, Verulkar S, Yadav N, Singh S, et al. From QTL to variety-harnessing the benefits of QTLs for drought, flood and salt tolerance in mega rice varieties of India through a multi-institutional network. Plant Sci 2016;242:278-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.008

6. Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2015. Government of India Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare Directorate of Economics and Statistics; 2015.

7. Kumar S, Dwivedi SK, Singh SS, Bhatt BP, Mehta P, Elanchezhian R, et al. Morpho-physiological traits associated with reproductive stage drought tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under rain-fed condition of eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. Indian J Plant Physiol 2014;19:87-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-014-0075-x

8. Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Rafii MY, Mahmud TM, Azizi P, Osman M, et al. Improvement of drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Genetics, genomic tools, and the WRKY gene family. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:3158474. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3158474

9. Chukwu SC, Rafii MY, Ramlee SI, Ismail SI, Hasan MM, Oladosu YA, et al. Bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice: A review of conventional breeding to molecular approach. Mol Biol Rep 2019;46:1519-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04584-2

10. Bernier J, Kumar A, Spaner D, Verulkar S, Mandal NP, Sinha PK, et al. Characterization of the effect of a QTL for drought resistance in rice, qtl12.1, over a range of environments in the Philippines and Eastern India. Euphytica 2009;166:207-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9826-y

11. Vikram P, Swamy BP, Dixit S, Ahmed HU, Sta Cruz MT, Singh AK, et al. qDTY1.1, a major QTL for rice grain yield under reproductive-stage drought stress with a consistent effect in multiple elite genetic backgrounds. BMC Genet 2011;12:89. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-89

12. Venuprasad R, Dalid CO, Del Valle M, Zhao D, Espiritu M, Sta Cruz MT, et al. Identification and characterization of large-effect quantitative trait loci for grain yield under lowland drought stress in rice using bulk-segregant analysis. Theor Appl Genet 2009;120:177-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1168-1

13. Ghimire KH, Quiatchon LA, Vikram P, Swamy BP, Dixit S, Ahmed H, et al. Identification and mapping of a QTL (qDTY1.1) with a consistent effect on grain yield under drought. Field Crops Res 2012;131:88-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.028

14. Karnatam KS, Jaganathan D, Dilip KR, Boopathi NM, Muthurajan R.Shortlisting putative candidate genes underlying qDTY1.1, a major effect drought tolerant QTL in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electron J Plant Breed 2020;11:916-24. https://doi.org/10.37992/2020.1103.149

15. Oo KS, Krishnan SG, Vinod KK, Dhawan G, Dwivedi P, Kumar P,et al. Molecular breeding for improving productivity of Oryza sativa L.cv. Pusa 44 under reproductive stage drought stress through introgression of a major QTL, qDTY12.1. Genes 2021;12:967. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12070967

16. Zheng X, Hoegenauer KA, Maeda AB, Wang F, Stelly DM, Nichols RL,et al. Nondestructive high-throughput DNA extraction and genotyping methods for cotton seeds and seedlings. Biotechniques 2015;58:234-43. https://doi.org/10.2144/000114286

17. Zu X, Lu Y, Wang Q, Chu P, Miao W, Wang H, et al. A new method for evaluating the drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars. Crop J 2017;5:488-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2017.05.002

18. Jin FX, Kim DM, Ju HG, Ahn SN. Mapping quantitative trait loci for awnness and yield component traits in isogenic lines derived from an Oryza sativa/O. rufipogon cross. J Crop Sci Biotechnol 2009;12:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-009-0061-4

19. Newman EI. A method of estimating the total length of root in a sample. J Appl Ecol 1966;3:139-45. https://doi.org/10.2307/2401670

20. Pasuquin E, Lafarge T, Tubana B. Transplanting young seedlings in irrigated rice fields: Early and high tiller production enhanced grain yield. Field Crops Res 2008;105:141-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2007.09.001

21. Zhang B, Yamagishi J. Response of spikelet number per panicle in rice cultivars to three transplanting densities. Plant Prod Sci 2010;13:279-88. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.279

22. Sekhar S, Kumar J, Mohanty S, Mohanty N, Panda RS, Das S, et al. Identification of novel QTLs for grain fertility and associated traits to decipher poor grain filling of basal spikelets in dense panicle rice. Sci Rep 2021;11:13617. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93134-7

23. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Annual Report for 1975. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute; 2002. p. 29.

24. Bheemanahalli R, Sunoj VJ, Saripalli G, Prasad PV, Balyan HS, Gupta PK, et al. Quantifying the impact of heat stress on pollen germination, seed set, and grain filling in spring wheat. Crop Sci 2019;59:684-96. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.05.0292

25. Vikram P, Swamy B, Dixit S, Singh R, Singh BP, Miro B, et al. Drought susceptibility of modern rice varieties: An effect of linkage of drought tolerance with undesirable traits. Nat Sci Rep 2015;5:14799. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14799

26. Courtois B, Shen L, Petalcorin Carandang S, Mauleon R, Li ZK. Locating QTLs controlling constitutive root traits in the rice population IAC 165 × Co39. Euphytica 2003;134:335-45. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH.0000004987.88718.d6

27. Price AH, Steele KA, Moore BJ, Jones RG. Upland rice grown in soil filled chambers and exposed to contrasting water-deficit regimes: II. Mapping quantitative trait loci for root morphology and distribution. Field Crops Res 2002;76:25-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00010-2

28. Salomi R, Vignesh P, Bharathkumar S. Drought tolerance improvement for grain yield of a modern rice variety based on morphological and physiological response. Environ Exp Biol 2024;22:11-6. https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.22.02

29. Zhu R, Wu FY, Zhou S, Hu T, Huang J, Gao Y. Cumulative effects of drought-flood abrupt alternation on the photosynthetic characteristics of rice. Environ Exp Bot 2020;169:103901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103901

30. Mishra SS, Panda D. Leaf traits and antioxidant defense for drought tolerance during early growth stage in some popular traditional rice landraces from Koraput, India. Rice Sci 2017;24:207-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2017.04.001

31. Hussain M, Farooq S, Hasan W, Ul-Allah S, Tanveer M, Farooq M.Drought stress in sunflower: Physiological effects and its management through breeding and agronomic alternatives. Agric Water Manag 2018;201:152-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.01.028

32. Panda B, Dash SK, Mondal S, Senapaty J, Dash M, Samal KC, et al. Exploring the physiological efficiencies of promising rice (Oryza sativa) accessions for increasing grain yield. Indian J Agric Sci 2023;93:1180-5. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i11.140727

33. Yang X, Wang B, Chen L, Li P, Cao, C. The different influences of drought stress at the flowering stage on rice physiological traits, grain yield, and quality. Sci Rep 2019;9:3742. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40161-0

34. Arivelarasan T, Manivasagam VS, Geethalakshmi V, Bhuvaneswari K, Natarajan K, Balasubramanian M, et al. How far will climate change affect future food security? An inquiry into the irrigated rice system of Peninsular India. Agriculture 2023;13:551. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030551

35. Arun D, Sunandini GP, Kumari RV, Meena A. An economic analysis of different Rice varieties in Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu. Indian J Econ Dev 2020;8:5. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJED/v8.52

36. Rai M, Chucha D, Deepika D, Lap B, Magudeeswari P, Padmavathi G, et al. Pyramiding of qDTY1.1 and qDTY3.1 into rice mega-variety Samba Mahsuri-Sub1: Physiological performance under water deficit conditions. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2023;29:1931-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01387-5

37. Kumar R, Singh PK, Prasad BD, Satyendra, Kumar A, Kumar M. Marker assisted introgression of QTL (qDTY1.1) for grain yield under drought at reproductive stage in Oryza sativa L. cv. Sita from Nagina -22. Ecol Environ Conserv 2022;28:S173-81. https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i07s.029

38. Venuprasad R, Lafitte HR, Atlin GN. Response to direct selection for grain yield under drought stress in rice. Crop Sci 2007;47:285-93. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2006.03.0181