Plastic waste biodegradation and valorization: emerging biotechnological approaches for sustainable waste management
Durability and resistance of various plastic polymers have led to their widespread use, but these same properties make them persistent in the environment and disrupt ecosystems via the food chain. Efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly strategies are therefore needed to treat this plastic waste and mitigate its impact. To enhance mitigation efficiency, modern research relies on advanced microbial technologies including genetic engineering, bioinformatics, and machine learning for producing high-performance plastic-degrading enzymes, discovering novel microbial pathways, and optimizing degradation kinetics across synthetic polymers, respectively. However, because both biotic and abiotic degradation are time-consuming and sometimes ineffective, valorization has emerged as an alternative strategy for plastic waste management. This review goes beyond biodegradation strategies for mitigating plastic waste and comprehensively discusses valorization of recalcitrant plastic waste. Valorization strategies not only decrease the problems associated with plastic waste but simultaneously create employment opportunities and contribute toward global economies. This is a narrative review that focuses on information from theses, research, and review articles published in the English language across various databases from 2000 to 2026. Articles and patents related to microbial degradation, mitigation, and valorization of plastic waste have been summarized to reflect upon the technological advancements and limitations of plastic waste mitigation and valorization. It encourages future research opportunities in sustainable plastic waste management.
Srivastav S, Ghara M, Kumari S, Nadeem A, Kumar P, Siddiqui NM, Kumari PK, Paul D. Plastic waste biodegradation and valorization: emerging biotechnological approaches for sustainable waste management. J Appl Biol Biotech 2026. Article in Press. http://doi.org/10.7324/jabb.2026.319207
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Year
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