Mitigation of drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by inoculation of drought tolerant Bacillus paramycoides DT-85 and Bacillus paranthracis DT-97

Vinod Kumar Yadav; Ramesh Chandra Yadav; Prassan Choudhary; Sushil K. Sharma; Neeta Bhagat

doi:10.7324/JABB.2022.10s109

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Abstract

Drought as an environmental stressor poses threat to crop yields and consequently jeopardizes agricultural sustainability. Microbes harboring in the roots of native plants having ability to promote plant growth can offer a promising tool to combat the drought stress in plants. In this context, drought tolerant Bacillus strains were isolated from the rhizospheric soils from hot arid regions of Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan, India. On screening 120 isolates, two isolates DT-85 and DT-97 identified as Bacillus paramycoides and Bacillus paranthracis, respectively, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed tolerance to high osmotic stress (10–30% polyethylene glycol 6000), salinity (5–15%), and temperature (45°C). Strain DT-97 exhibited efficient plant growth promoting traits such as production of (1) phosphate, (2) siderophores (SPI 2.93), (3) exopolysaccharide (216–244%), (4) indole-3-acetic acid (49–59%), (5) ammonia, and (6) gibberellic acid (110.5%) in comparison to strain DT-85 under both normal watered and drought stress conditions. Drought stress conditions reduced the root-shoot length, leaf area, and chlorophyll content of wheat crops on inoculation of B. paramycoides DT-85 and B. paranthracis DT-97 resulted in mitigation of drought stress by enhanced production of drought combating molecules like superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and proline. B. paranthracis DT-97 showed better plant growth promoting attributes and thus can be a used as a bioinoculant for mitigating drought in wheat crop.

Keyword: Bacillus Catalase Drought Exopolysacharides Proline

Citation:

Yadav VK, Yadav RC, Choudhary P, Sharma SK, Bhagat N. Mitigation of drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by inoculation of drought tolerant Bacillus paramycoides DT-85 and Bacillus paranthracis DT-97 J App Biol Biotech.2022;10(Suppl 1):59-69DOI: 10.7324/JABB.2022.10s109

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Vurukonda SS, Vardharajula S, Shrivastava M, Ali S. Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in crops by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiol Res 2016;184:13-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2015.12.003

2. Food and Agriculture Organization. Crops and Drops Making the Best Use of Water for Agriculture. World Food Day, Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2002. Available from:https:// www.fao.org/y3918e.pdf (fao.org) [Last accessed on 2022 Feb 28].

3. United Nations. Coping with Water Scarcity. A Strategic Issue and Priority for System-wide; 2006. Available from: https://www. un.org/waterforlifedecade/pdf/2006_unwater_coping_with_water_ scarcity_eng.pdf [Last accessed on 2022 Feb 28]

4. Pereira SI, Abreu D, Moreira H, Vega A, Castro PM. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve the growth and nutrient use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.) under water deficit conditions. Heliyon 2020;6:e05106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05106

5. Alexandratos N, Bruinsma J. World Agriculture towards 2030/2050; 2012. Available from: https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/esa/ Global_persepctives/world_ag_2030_50_2012_rev.pdf

6. Carvalho FP. Agriculture, pesticides, food security and food safety. Environ Sci Policy 2006;9:685-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2006.08.002

7. Janssens C, Havlík P, Krisztin T, Baker J, Frank S, Hasegawa T, et al. Global hunger and climate change adaptation through international trade. Nat Clin Change 2020;10:829-35. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0847-4

8. Overpeck JT, Cole JE. Abrupt change in Earth's climate system. Ann Rev Environ Resources 2006;31:1-31. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.30.050504.144308

9. Prudent M, Salon C, Souleimanov A, Emery RN, Smith DL. Soybean is less impacted by water stress using Bradyrhizobium japonicum and thuricin-17 from Bacillus thuringiensis. Agron Sustain Dev 2015;35:749-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-014-0256-z

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