Bioactive potential of Diadema sp. from the South East Coast of Mauritius

Lisa Karen Yee Chin Youne Ah Shee Tee; Daneshwar Puchooa; Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo

doi:10.7324/JABB.2017.50602

Abstract

As a consequence of the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance, this study aimed at evaluating the bioactive potential of sea urchin extract, Diadema sp. Two different tissues; shells and gonads were used and two drying methods were compared; freeze drying (FD) and non-freeze drying (NFD). Statistically significant interaction was observed between the drying methods and solvents used. Compared to the gonadal tissue, NFD methanolic shell extract reported higher extraction yield, 9.13 ± 0.87%. Phenolic content assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau method was higher in non-freeze dried (NFD) gonadal extract, 688.1 mg GAE/g DW. Promising antimicrobial activity was recorded using agar disc diffusion and results confirmed using MIC. Among the bacteria used, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were more vulnerable, reporting inhibition zone of 16.3 ± 1.37 mm and 17.1 ± 0.23 mm using NFDSM and FDGM extract respectively. DPPH antioxidant assay showed NFDSM having better activity than the positive control, IC50 of 3.77 µg/ml. No significant larvicidal activity was recorded. Diadema sp are a potential source of novel antimicrobial compounds and suggest its possible use as natural food-grade antioxidant. This study also shows non-freeze drying method and methanol as the recommended solvent for maximal bioactivity.

Keyword: Sea urchin Antibacterial activity Scavenging capacity Larvicidal activity.

Citation:

Tee LKY, Puchooa D, Bhoyroo V. Bioactive potential of Diadema sp. from

the South East coast of Mauritius. J App Biol Biotech. 2017;5(6):9-13.

DOI: 10.7324/JABB.2017.50602

Copyright: Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.

Reference

1. Marimuthu K, Gunaselvam P, Rahman MA, Xavier R, Arockiaraj J, Subramanian S, et al. Antibacterial activity of ovary extract from sea urchin Diadema setosum. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015;19:1895-9.

2. Ebert TA, Southon JR. Red sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) can live over 100 years: Confirmation with A-bomb 14carbon. Fishery Bull 2003;101:915-22.

3. Powell C, Hughes AD, Kelly MS, Conner S, McDougall GJ. Extraction and identification of antioxidant polyhydroxynaphthoquinone pigments from the sea urchin, Psammechinus miliaris. LWT Food Sci Technol 2014;59:455-60.

4. Service M, Wardlaw AC. Echinochrome-A as a bactericidal substance in the coelomic fluid of Echinus esculentus (L.). Comp. Biochem Physiol 1984;79B:161-5.

5. Coppard SE, Campbell AC. Taxonomic significance of spine morphology in the echinoid genera Diadema and Echinothrix. Invert Biol 2005;123:357-71.

6. Coppard SE, Campbell AC. Taxonomic significance of test morphology in the echinoid genera Diadema gray, 1825 and Echinothrix peters, 1853 (Echinodermata). Zoosystema 2006;28:93-112.

7. Rodriguez A, Hernandez JC, Clemente S, Coppard SE. A new species of Diadema (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Diadematidae) from the eastern Atlantic Ocean and a neotype designation of Diadema antillarum (Philippi, 1845). Zootaxa 2013;3636:144-70.

8. Shamsuddin LH, Kumari GM, Noraznawati I. Antibacterial activity of three species of sea urchin extracts from Pulau Bidong, Terengganu. Sustain Sci Manage 2010;5:116-24.

9. Eloff JN. A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Med 1998;64:711-3.

10. Shankarlal S, Prabu K, Natarajan E. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of purple sea urchin shell (Salmacis virgulata L. Agassiz and Desor 1846). Am Eurasian J Sci Res 2011;63:178-81.

11. Dhinakaran ID, Lipton AP. Studies on the bioactivity of Holothuria atra extracts collected from the South east coast of India. Int J Biol Biol Sci 2014;3:6-11.

12. Chow S, Kajigaya Y, Kuroji H, Niwa K, Shibuno T, Nanami A, et al. On the fourth Diadema Species (Diadema-sp) from Japan. PLoS ONE 2014;9:1-9.

13. Oikawa A, Otsuka T, Jikumaru Y, Yamaguchi S, Matsuda F, Nakabayashi R, et al. Effects of freeze-drying of samples on metabolite levels in metabolome analyses. J Sep Sci 2011;34:3561-7.

14. Abascal K, Ganora L, Yarnell E. The effect of freeze-drying and its implications for botanical medicine: A review. Phytother Res 2005;19:655-60.

15. Archana A, Babu RK. Nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of gonads of sea urchin Stomopneustes variolaris. Food Chem 2016;197:597-602.

16. Kuwahara R, Hatate H, Chikami A, Murata H, Kijidani Y. Quantitative separation of antioxidant pigments in purple sea urchin shells using a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. LWT Food Sci Technol 2010;43:1185-90.

17. Zhou DY, Qin L, Zhu BW, Wang XD, Tan H, Yang JF, et al. Extraction and antioxidant property of polyhydroxylated naphthoquinone pigments from spines of purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus. Food Chem 2011;129:1591-7.

18. Popov AM, Krivoshapko ON. Protective effects of polar lipids and redox-active compounds from marine organisms at modeling of hyperlipidemia and diabetes. J Biomed Sci Eng 2013;6:543-50.

Abstract

HTML Full Text

Reference

Article Metrics

Related Search

Citiaion Alert By Google Scholar

Similar Articles